Go back
Upcycling and Downcycling
Upcycling and downcycling are forms of recycling. Upcycling increases the value of the raw material as it is turned into a material or product of higher quality. Downcycling decreases the value of raw material, as it is turned into a material or product of lower quality.
Comment: a UPM-specific downcycling example would be turning glassine into nonrecyclable tissue paper or PET film into non-recyclable, fast-fashion textiles.
Circular Economy and Biochemicals